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Influenza
(Bird flu) Actuality:
Impact of Avian
Influenza on Smallholder Poultry Production
A workshop entitled "Impact
of Avian Influenza on Smallholder Poultry Production in West
Africa - the Need for Collaborative Regional Action" was
held in Tamale, Northern Ghana, on 12-14 Sept
2006.
The workshop was the outcome
of fruitful collaboration between the Network for
Smallholder Poultry Development, the newly formalised "West
African Network for the promotion of Short Cycle Animals in
rural areas" (WANSCA) and, not least, the Technical Centre
for Agricultural and Rural Cooperation ACP-EU
(CTA).
We are happy to inform that
the proceedings of the workshop have now ben finalised and
may be found on the website at
http://www.poultry.kvl.dk/Information_resources/Workshop_proceedings.aspx
Quite a different
report to the Bird Flu problem from GRAIN
GRAIN collects dates and
facts, telling that not the small-scale farmers all over the
world are the great risk in the bird flue affair, but the
poultry megafarms, where the virus can develop and expand on
regular and irregular merchant routes.... Report available
in English, German, French or Spanish:
GRAIN_bird_flue_crisis.pdf
GRAIN_Vogelgrippe_deutsch.pdf
GRAIN_grippe_francais.pdf
GRAIN_gripe_aviar_espanol.pdf
See also the GRAIN "What's
new" for Bird Flu page: http://www.grain.org/m/?id=84
Newsflash
October 10, 2008:
Please be kindly informed that FAO Animal Production and
Health Paper 165 entitled BIOSECURITY FOR HIGHLY
PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA: Issues and options" has just
been published :
ftp://ext-ftp.fao.org/AG/Data/Upload/ANGR/DAD-Net/Biosecurity_HPAI.pdf
(420KB)
EU: Agriculture News
Digest N° 185, 18 April 2008
Standing Committee approves modified rules on movement
of animals in an effort to control Bluetongue:
http://ec.europa.eu/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/bluetongue_en.htm
March 2, 2006
The EU Commission is currently working on a discussion paper
on the application of vaccination of poultry against Highly
Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 in the EU. This includes an
overview of the issue, and highlights the advantages and
disadvantages of vaccination.
discussion_paper.pdf
December 4, 2005:
The total numbers of H5 outbreaks in poultry in 16 countries
since the start of the panzootic in Dec 2003, are shown in a
graph on OIE web-site:
http://oie.int/downld/AVIAN%20INFLUENZA/graph%20HPAI%2001122005.pdf
Bird flu
update December 05
(PDF-download 12 KB): Bird
flu update December 05.pdf
Letter to the EU
Council and national
Ministers of Agriculture (November 9th, 2005):
Letter
to Council.pdf
(download 60 KB)
December 14,
2005:
Conclusions
of Chief Medical Officers and Chief Veterinary Officers
meeting
Conclusions and
recommendations from the meeting of European Chief Medical
Officers (CMOs) and Chief Veterinary Officers (CVOs), which
was hosted by the Commission in Brussels this week, are now
online. The aim of this second meeting of EU medical and
veterinary experts was to look at how measures to address
the threat of avian influenza and possible human pandemic
influenza could be improved. Among the recommended actions
put forward by the CMOs and CVOs yesterday were:
- Awareness campaigns on
detecting and dealing with avian influenza for all
poultry keepers
- Continued coordinated
efforts between the Commission and MemberStates in
addressing the threats of avian and human influenza, to
ensure that the most appropriate response is taken
immediately in line with developments in the situation
- The improvement of EU
and national preparedness plans in line with the recent
Commission Communications on generic and pandemic
influenza preparedness, taking into account lesson
learned through the pandemic simulation exercise carried
out at the end of November
- Further support for
research and technological development with the aim of
increasing knowledge on avian and human influenza and
building up effective tools to tackle them
- Sustained efforts by the
Commission to help in coordinating a global response to
avian influenza and a possible human pandemic, as well as
providing assistance to affected and at-risk developing
countries.
The meeting also discussed
and endorsed guidelines on the protection of poultry workers
against avian influenza (AI), put forward by the European
Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).
For the full conclusions of
the meeting, see:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/index_en.htm
_________________________________________________________________________
The
Possibilities of Rare Breed Organisations:
The recent Directives of the
EU contain special provisions for zoo's, wild parks and
purposes related to the conservation of endangered species
or farm animal genetic resources. For officially registered
rare breeds on premises that have been identified in advance
as breeding nucleus of animals indispensable for the
survival of a breed, the competent authority of a member
state may decide to apply the special measures including
protective vaccination in stead of culling of the animals.
However, these special provisions together with the basic
contagious disease control strategies have to be laid down
in a "Contingency Plan". Most member states discuss these
contingency plans with directly concerned stakeholders, but
no official obligation exists to communicate on
these.
European rare breed
organisations that have not been involved in the discussions
leading to the Contingency Plans should:
- ask the competent
authority of their country to publish the existing
contingency plans
- verify whether special
measures for rare breeds have been included
- get involved in the
discussion of (future) contingency plans.
Furthermore rare breed
organisations have to take care that:
- the breeds they care
for, are officially registered and recognised by the
member state as important for the conservation of farm
animal genetic resources and that these animals are
properly identified
- the premises these
breeds live on, are certified in advance with the local
competent authority
- in case of an outbreak
special measures, i.e. saving these breeds as much as
possible should be applied.
By way of an example, one
can refer to the British contingency plan on FMD which DEFRA
put on the internet:
http://www.defra.gov.uk/footandmouth/contingency/contplan.pdf
FAO
actualities on Avian Influenza (Bird flu)
FAO actual information site,
regularely updated:
http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/subjects/en/health/diseases-cards/special_avian.html
FAO Avian Influenza Bulletin:
http://www.fao.org/ag/againfo/subjects/en/health/diseases-cards/avian_update.html
Informationen zur
Vogelgrippe in deutscher Sprache
Das deutsche
Bundesministerium für Ernährung, Landwirtschaft
und Verbraucherschutz unterhält eine Website mit
laufend aktualisierten Informationen zum Thema
Vogelgrippe:
http://www.bmelv.de/DE/07-SchutzderTiere/Tierseuchen/Vogelgrippe/GefluegelpestVerordnungen.html
Regulations
in the European Union:
Avian Influenza
(Bird flu)
AI Informationportal
of the Commissioner for
Health and Consumer Protection:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/dgs/health_consumer/dyna/influenza/index.cfm
COPA_chronology_27_10_05.pdf
Council Directive 92/40/EEC of 19 May
1992
introducing Community
measures for the control of avian influenza (Consolidated
text)
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/consleg/pdf/1992/en_1992L0040_do_001.pdf
Proposal for a new Council Directive
on Community measures for the control of Avian Influenza
(28/04/2005)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/directive_avian_en.pdf
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/controlmeasures/avian/directive_avian_annexe_en.pdf
Information on
BSE
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/bse/index_en.html
(english)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/bse/index_de.html
(deutsch)
Listing of Community legislation on
BSE (since 1989)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/bse/bse15_en.pdf
Revision of TSE testing in sheep and
goats
http://europa.eu.int/rapid/start/cgi/guesten.ksh?p_action.gettxt=gt&doc=IP/03/1793|0|RAPID&lg=EN&display=
19/12/2003 - The Commission has adopted an amendment to the
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) Regulation,
easing the heightened level of testing for TSEs in sheep and
goats in the EU. TSEs are a family of diseases characterised
by a degeneration of brain tissue which include
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans, bovine spongiform
encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle and scrapie in sheep. Testing
was introduced in 2002 to provide more information on the
level of TSEs in the EU sheep and goat population. This
target has now been achieved and future surveillance will be
focused on specific target groups
Foot-and-Mouth
disease:
Council Directive allowing "emergency
vaccination without subsequent killing" in case of an
outbreak of FMD, which is quite important for rare
breeds:
EU
directive FMD 030929.pdf
Council Directive
2003/85/EC of 29 september 2003 on Community measures for
the control of foot-and-mouth disease repealing Directive
85/511/EEC and Decision 89/531/EEC and 91/665/EEC and
amending Directive 92/46/EEC
International Conference on Control
and Prevention of Foot and Mouth Disease, Brussels 12-12
December 2001, Final Report
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/resources/fmd_conf_%20final_rep_12-2001.pdf
DEFRA Foot and Mouth Disease
Contingency Plan
http://www.defra.gov.uk/footandmouth/contingency/contplan.pdf
Classical Swine
Fever
Council Directive 2001/89/EC of 23
October 2001
on Community measures
for the control of classical swine fever (Consolidated
text)
http://europa.eu.int/eur-lex/en/consleg/pdf/2001/en_2001L0089_do_001.pdf
Scrapie
disease:
Change of EC 999/2001 (English
version)
EC_999_2001_E.pdf
PDF file 268
KB)
Consolidated text
produced by the Consleg System of the Office for Official
Publications of the European Commission: Consleg: 2001R0999
-01/10/2003 Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 of the European
Parliament and of the Council of May 2001
Änderung der Verordnung (EG) Nr.
999/2001(deutsche Version)
EG_999_2001_D.pdf
(PDF-Datei 58 KB)
Vorschlag für eine
Entscheidung der Kommission für die Etablierung eines
Scrapie-Resistenzzuchtprogrammes
Entwurf einer Verordnung der Kommission zur Änderung
der Anhänge II, V, VII, VIII und IX der Verordnung (EG)
Nr. 999/2001 des Europäischen Parlaments und des Rates
hin-sichtlich der Einstufung von Ländern, der
Entfernung spezifizierten Risikomaterials, der Tilgung der
transmissiblen spongiformen Enzephalopathie, der Regeln
für das Inverkehrbringen, die Ausfuhr und Einfuhr von
lebenden Tieren und Erzeugnissen tierischen Ursprungs (Dok.
SANCO/1802/2002 Rev. 4) und Entwurf einer Entscheidung der
Kommission für die Etablierung eines
Scrapie-Resistenzzuchtprogrammes (Dok. SANCO/1803/2002 Rev.
4)
Report on the Monitoring and Testing
of Ruminants for the Presence of Transmissible Spongiform
Encephalopathy (TSE) in 2002 (June 2003):
EU
annual TSE report 02.pdf
(PDF file, Download 2.4
MB !!!)
Commission Decision of 18 December
2002 laying down minimum
requirements for a survey of prion genotypes of sheep
breeds. 2002/1003/EC
EU
genotyping 021218.pdf
Commission Decision of 13 February
2003 laying down minimum
requirements of breeding prgrammes for resistance to
transmissible spongiform encephalopathyies in sheep.
2003/100/EC
EU
breeding program 030213.pdf
Commission Regulation (EC) No 206/2003
of February 2003
amending Regulation (EC) No 999/2001 of the European
Parliament and of the Council as regards the eradication of
transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in ovine and
caprine animals and rules for the trade in live ovine and
caprine animals and bovine embryos
EU
culling 2003.pdf
Information in
General
Animal Disease Notification
System:
The ADNS application is a
notification system that has as its main purpose the
registration and documentation of certain important
infectious animal diseases. It is mainly a management tool
that ensures detailed information about outbreaks of these
animal diseases in the countries that are connected to the
application. This permits immediate access to information
about contagious animal disease outbreaks and ensures that
trade in live animals and products of animal origin is not
affected unnecessarily.
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/adns/index_en.htm
ADNS is a system not directly related with food safety and
it has no impact on public health.
Conference on Animal Disease Control,
Brussels 15-16 December 2004: recommendations:
http://www9.minlnv.nl/servlet/page?_pageid=100&_dad=portal30&_schema=PORTAL30&p_item_id=97120
The link concerns the recommendations formulated at the end
of the Conference. Especially interesting are points 2, 7,
8, 11 and 12
Diagnostic Techniques and
Vaccines for
Foot-and-Mouth disease, Classical Swine Fever, Avian
Influenza and some other important OIE List A diseases
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/sc/scah/out93_en.pdf
Terrestrial Animal Health Code
(2004) Office
Internationale des Epizooties
http://www.oie.int/eng/normes/mcode/en_sommaire.htm
OIE
International Conference on the Control of Infectious Animal
Diseases by Vaccination
Buenos Aires, April 13-16, 2004. Conclusions and
Recommendations
http://www.vetscite.org/publish/items/001765/
Animal disease control:
Council adopts eartagging for
sheep and goats
http://europa.eu.int/rapid/start/cgi/guesten.ksh?p_action.gettxt=gt&doc=IP/03/1761|0|RAPID&lg=EN&display=
17/12/2003 - The Council of Ministers has adopted a
Regulation on the identification and registration of sheep
and goats as part of its ongoing efforts to prevent the
spread of animal diseases. Stopping animal disease epidemics
requires quick action. To do this it must be possible to
quickly determine an animal's place of origin and its
movements throughout the EU. The Regulation will reinforce
current measures, specifically by gradually introducing in
all Member States an identification system to mark each
animal, making it possible to trace the individual movements
of sheep and goats.
ADNS
(Animal Disease Notifacation System)
http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/animal/diseases/adns/adns_2004.pdf
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